Glossary
Mar 16 2009
A mental disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of impulsiveness and inattention either with or without a component of hyperactivity.
Jun 23 2009
Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is generally diagnosed in individuals over 65 years of age.
May 13 2009
Amnesia refers to the partial or total loss of memory resulting from two-sided (bilateral) damage to the parts of the brain essential for memory storage, processing and recall.
May 12 2009
A comprehensive brain training platform designed to improve a person’s cognitive abilities.
Apr 19 2009
The brain’s ability to rearrange the connections among its neurons.
Mar 16 2009
A memorization method in which one groups parts of data together and recalls the entire ‘chunks’- as opposed to each piece of information.
Mar 16 2009
Mental processing conducted by the human brain. Areas include learning, memory perception, problem solving, thinking, and reasoning.
May 13 2009
Cognitive rehabilitation refers to a structured set of therapeutic exercises designed to retrain a person’s ability to think, apply judgment and arrive at reasonable decisions.
May 13 2009
Also known as Brain Reserve, Cognitive Reserve is a theory based on the belief that it is possible to develop a cognitive reserve.
Mar 16 2009
The interdisciplinary study of the brain and intelligence. Comprises psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology.
Apr 19 2009
Also known as “Brain Training,” cognitive training comprises a variety of brain exercises intended to help improve various cognitive abilities among humans.
Mar 16 2009
Brain’s outer layer, responsible for several higher cognitive functions.
Jun 23 2009
Dementia is a group of symptoms brought on by a gradual degeneration of brain cells and in turn, a person’s cognitive functions, such as memory, concentration and judgment.
May 13 2009
The highest level of attention referring to the ability to attend to multiple tasks simultaneously.
Jun 23 2009
Eye-Hand coordination is the ability of a person’s visual system to coordinate data received through their eyes and in turn direct their attention and hands towards executing a given task.
Apr 19 2009
A higher order of cognitive abilities which control and regulate thoughts and activities, help prioritize tasks, manage time efficiently, and make decisions.
Jul 29 2009
Face-name recognition is the cognitive ability to recognize and match people’s faces (visual representation) with their names (semantic representation) over the long-term.
Apr 19 2009
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or fMRI, is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique enabling researchers to view images of altering blood flow in the brain related to neural activity.
Apr 19 2009
One of the 4 divisions (the other lobes being the temporal, parietal and occipital) in each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.
Apr 29 2009
Grandmother Cells is the name of an ongoing debate in the science community concerning whether or not a specific neuron in the brain represents a particular concept or object.
Apr 19 2009
Grey-colored nerve tissue, especially of the brain and spinal cord, composed of fibers and nerve cell bodies and their dendrites as well as some supportive tissue.
Apr 19 2009
A seahorse-shaped neural structure located within the brain and a vital part of the limbic system.
May 13 2009
Inductive reasoning is a thinking pattern going from specific facts to general principles, as opposed to “deductive” reasoning which goes from the general to the specific.
Mar 16 2009
The brain’s ability to store information and recall it over extended periods of time.
Mar 16 2009
Numerous interrelated cognitive processes used for encoding, storing, manipulating, and retrieving information.
Jul 29 2009
Mnemonics (pronounced nemonics) refers to a practice or device used to help us remember and match other people’s faces with their names.
Apr 19 2009
A nerve cell which makes up part of the nervous system and is responsible for the transmission of information.
May 13 2009
Various techniques used for analyzing the brain, the most popular of which include functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and computerized tomography (CT) scanning.
Apr 19 2009
The adaptive changes occurring in the structure or function of brain nerve cells (or groups of nerve cells.)
Mar 16 2009
Study of the structure and functioning of the brain.
Jul 29 2009
Also called Focused Attention, Orienting Attention refers to our ability to respond to a single visual or audio stimulus when presented with two or more stimuli at the same time.
Jun 23 2009
Rehearsing is the act of repeating new information so as to encode it into memory.
May 13 2009
The cognitive process of selectively which involves focusing on a specific aspect of an issue, object, or activity, while ignoring all other aspects.
May 13 2009
Also referred to as "primary memory" and "active memory,” STM refers to one’s capacity to absorb small amounts of information and recall it over a short period of time.
Aug 05 2009
Spatial Memory is the part of your memory responsible for recording data concerning your surroundings and spatial orientation. It plays a critical role in your capacity to function within a specific environment.
Jul 29 2009
Sustained Attention refers to a person’s capacity to maintain a train of thought over an extended period of time in order to carry out a particular task.
Apr 29 2009
Visual illusions (also known as optical illusions) are a phenomenon whereby visually perceived images differ from objective reality.
Apr 28 2009
The brain’s visual system is the part of the central nervous system that allows us to see.
Apr 19 2009
The capacity to keep information current over a short period while utilizing this information.
Sep 10 2009
In a mental rotation test, the subject is asked to compare two patterns and state if they are the same image or if they are mirror images.
Sep 10 2009
Perception is the process of attaining awareness or understanding of sensory information.
Sep 10 2009
Stroop effect have consistently revealed activation in the frontal lobe; and more specifically in the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex